Motor or engine.



No. 694,|82. Patented Feb. 25, |902.

A.- E. OLNEY.

MOTOR 0R ENGINE.

(Appnmion mea Mar. 25, 1901.) (No Model.)

Fz'g. Z. Fig. l.

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ALLAN E. OLNEY, OF PITTSFIEIJD, MASSACHUSETTS.

MoToR'oR-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 694,182, dated February 25, 1902.

Application ned March 25,1901. serian. 52,820. (Nomad.)

To @ZZ whom, i may concern: K

Be itknown that I, ALLAN E. OLNEY,'a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Pittsfield, in the county of Berkshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements kin Motors or Engines, of which the following sired result.

My invention has for its object improvements 1n a motor or power mechanism in which the organization of the various working parts is such that either pressure or suctionV may'v be employed for the proper operation of the In the drawings accompanying this specification, and in which similar charactersdenote similar parts, Figure 1 is a side view ofA a motor made in accordance with my'invention. Fig. 2 is a front view thereof looking from the left of Fig. l.. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 4 illustrates a vertical cross-section taken on line 44of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a similar viewshowing the air-distributing device slightly changed in position. Fig. 6 isa similar view showing a further advance Vin the travel of Asaid device. Fig. 7 is a side view of the valve whereby air is admitted into the several working chambers. Fig. Sis an end view thereof look'- ing from the right of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is auother end view looking from the left of Fig. 7, and Fig. lO shows a top view thereof.

The particular purposes for which a motor of the character herein shown may be employed are manifold, and it is not a matter of import what the agentwhereby said motor will be actuated consists of. However, it is deemed preferable that air shall be employed under pressure, while, on the other hand, the

expansive force thereof is not taken advantage of.

l Briefly stated, a motor made in accordance with my invention comprises a' plurality of devices which are disposed around the axis of a shaft to which movement is to be imparted, each one of such devices being connected with a suitable crank carried `by said shaft and each tending to operate on said crank from a different direction.

The mechanism shown in the drawings comprises four devices, so that each adjacent pair thereof may operate on the crank substantially at right angles.

In the drawings, 20 illustrates a suitable base whereby the motor is supported and to which a tubular bracket 2l may be secured. Firmly held in this bracket--as, for instance, by a set-screw 22-is what I preferably term the air-chamber, consisting substantially of atube having at one end thereof an eX- tension 23, adapted for the reception of a fleXible hose, such as 24, whereby airis supplied to the air-chamber. Rigidly connected with the air-chamber 22 may be a bushing, such las V25, which in turn supports the motor-casing, the cross-section of which is substantially square and on the outside of which the several devices for imparting movementy to the shaft are supported. These devices consist in the present instance of a plurality of bellows, (designated in a general way by B,) and each comprising a base-board 27 and a movable board or leaf 28, which is connected with the base-board in the usual manner-as, for

instance, by a flexible diaphragm 25J- said leaf being -pivotally supported on the base-board,

as at 3G. I

A Means are provided whereby air may be conducted from the air-chamber 22 to the' bellows, these means comprising apertures 31, communicating ,with each of the bellows and having their inner openings substantially in circular alinement, as indicated in Fig. 3.

Mounted for rotation in and passing through the air-chamber 22 is a ,shaft 32, to which power isto be imparted, this shaft being preferably provided at one end` with a pulley 33, whereby the movement of said shaft 32 may be transmitted to other mechanism, while at its other end said shaft carries a crank 34, having a crank-pin 35, which in the present IOO instance is connected with all of the several movable bellows members .2S-as, for instance, by pitmen or connecting -rods 36. The outer ends of these rods may bc pivotally connected withswivel-blocks 37, pivoted on the leaves 28, in this manner forming a universal joint for permittingfree operationof the crank and to permit the lconnectingrods to adapt themselves to the' various plositions of the crank. Y

The means whereby air is properlyiand in consecutive order distributed yto the several driving mechanismscomprises substantially a valve V of the plug type and mounted for rotation on and with the power-shaft 32 above mentioned, lwhile its outer circularj face is adapted for running in close contact withthe bore of the air-chamber. This valvein its preferred construction is clearly illustrated in Figs. 7 to l0, inclusive, in which it is clearly shown that said valve comprises heads 3S and 39, both of which are mutilated at dia.

tance of air is prevented by the head 38, and' therefore any air which may be contained in the other and oppositely-disposed bellows devices may find exit through the forward end of the air-chamber, whence it may pass out into the open air through suitable openings, such as 40.

The operation of my improved motor is as follows: Air being forced under pressure into the air-chamber 22 and the Valve V and crank 34 being in position as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, it will be seen that the bellows mechanism B in Fig. 4 will be the first to be actuated, so as to move in the direction of arrow a until a position substantially as shown in Fig. 5

' is reached, in which the crank-shaft has been turned sufficiently to bring the valve V into a position where the bellows mechanisms B and B2 are subjected to the air, and therefore move in the directions of arrows a and b, respectively, while, on the other hand, the air which is contained in bellows mechanisms BB and B4 may escape on the other side of the valve and enter the forward end of the open chamber 22, as will be readily understood. When the position shown in Fig. 6 has been reached, the crank will have arrived substantially in its dead-center position, thereby neutralizing all the effective working pressure of the air contained in the bellows mechanism B', while bellows mechanism B2 is in condition to exercise its maximum efficiency.

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 illustrate one-fourth of a rotation of the shaft 32, and the same description which has been just given about the andB4, as well as B4 and B.

It is obvious that many changes may be 'made in the particular construction and organization of Ythe various devices shown and described without departing from the spirit of my invention and which it should be distinctly understood that I do not confine my invention to the .use of air under pressure, since any other medium may be employed with equal facility.-` Likewise it should be notedthat when airis applied in the manner described the'motor'will-rotate in one direction and that this operation will be reversed when'air is forced into the forward end ofthe air-chamber under pressure or when suction is applied tothe tube-24.

While the kdescription'above given pertains ostensibly to a motor, itwill be seenl that on account of the particular organization and the disposition of'the valve V this motor maybe converted into a pump-by simply applying rotative power to the shaft 32 from any 'suitable source. v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is A l. In a,Huid-pressorerapparatus, the combination with a member havinga cylindrical chamber and a circular series of ports radially disposed in the walls of the chamber; of a rotatable valve consisting of a mutilated cylinder arranged to engage the walls of the chamber at the part containing said ports; the valve having acut-away portion forming a port extending longitudinally'from a place intermediate of its ends toone end; the valve also having another port extending longitudinally from a place diametrically opposite to said place to the other end of the valve.

2. In a fluid-pressure apparatus the combination with a memberhavinga cylindrical chamber and a circular series of ports radially disposed in the walls of the chamber; of

lIOO

a rotatable valve consisting of av mutilated l cylinder arranged to engage the walls of the chamber at the part containing the said ports; the valve having a port formed by a portion cut away by a plane parallel to its axis, which portion extends from one end to and including a part in alinement with said ports; the valve'having another port also formed by a similar cut-away portion on the opposite side from said cut-away portion and extending from the other end of the cylinder to and includin g a portion located opposite to said p01'- tion in alinement with said ports.V

Signed by me at Springfield, Massachusetts, in presence of two subscribing wit- 'nesses ALLAN E. OLNEY. Witnesses:

WM. S. BELLows, M. A. CAMPBELL, 

